Susana Henriquez
Tectonics, Structural Geology, Thermochronology, Basin Analysis, Geochemistry
Contact me

About me

Assistant Professor

California State University San Bernardino

San Bernardino, California

susana.henriquez@csusb.edu

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I am interested in tectonic processes at multiple spatiotemporal scales. My research integrates field observations, geologic mapping, structural geology, low temperature thermochronology, geochronology, stratigraphy, and geochemistry to understand large-scale dynamic processes at plate boundaries and how the earth deforms. I use multiple analytical techniques - such as U-Pb geochronology, U-Th/He and fission track thermochronology and geochemical analysis - to constrain processes such as structural and architectural changes in the upper crust, erosion and basin formation in tectonically active regions, and orogenic magmatism. Please visit my research page to learn more about my work and collaborations. If you are interested in working or collaborating with me, please don’t hesitate to get in contact

Research

Central Andes

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Basin cooling history
Cooling history in the early Andean retroarc (Pre-30 Ma, Chile)
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Deformation history
Deformation in the Puna Plateau (Central Andes, NW Argentina)
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Thrust Belt evolution
Shortening in NW Argentina – Coming soon!

Mongolia

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Pre-, syn- and post- collisional magmatism
Magmatism during the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean – Coming soon!

Tect-Thermo Research Group

Tectonics and Thermochronology Researh Group

The Tect-Thermo Research Group seeks to understand processes during the growth and collapse of orogens by integrating structural analysis, basin analysis, themorchronology, and geochronology. In particular, this group investigates the timing and rates of long-term tectonic processes through structural, basin formation, thermal, and thermo-kinematic modeling.

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Elizabeth Aparicio

"Hi! I’m Elizabeth and I grew up in San Dimas, California. Growing up with the San Gabriel Mountains as my backyard is what sparked my interest in geology. I am excited to get more hands-on experience in research and understanding orogenic processes". Elizabeth is a senior undergraduate using zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronology and thermal modelling to study tectonic processes in Mongolia! Expected graduation - Spring 2025

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Brenda Escobedo

Brenda is a sophmore undergraduate using zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronology and thermal modelling to study tectonic processes in Mongolia. Expected graduation - Spring 2027

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Sarah Grebenok

"Hi, I'm Sarah! I was born in Texas, but moved to California in 2014. I have always had an interest in the geological formations and structures, but really got hooked on geology when I took a geology course in high school and just fell in love with it. I am really excited about getting hands-on experience in research as well as learning more about geosciences." Sarah is a junior undergraduate using zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronology and thermal modelling to study tectonic processes in Mongolia. Expected graduation - Spring 2026

Donald Seccombe IV
Donald graduated from CSUSB in Spring 2024. He did his senior undergraduate thesis doing sandstone petrography to understand the provenance of the Permian to Jurassic Ikh Uul Basin in Mongolia.

Methods

These are only some of the methods I use in my research. However, I am always interested in learning new analytical and modelling techniques to address geologic questions.

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U-Pb geochronology

Uranium-lead geochronology is one of the most widely used and robust tools currently available for dating minerals such as zircons, apatites and mozanites. U-Pb analysis are used for determining crystallization ages, multiple crystallization evets (zoning), provenance age distributions, maximum depositional ages of sedimentary rocks, among other uses. The accuracy and precision of this technique makes it ideal for addressing a variety of geologic questions. I usually incorporate this technique for placing time constraints in basement rocks and sedimentary deposits as well as for source to sink studies.

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(U-Th)/He and fission track thermochronology

Low temperature thermochronology in apatites constrains cooling between ca. 120-60 °C. Cooling can reflect changes in the geothermal gradient, the presence of hydrothermal fluids and exhumation due to erosion in the upper 4-5 km of the Earth surface. These techniques are usually combined with thermal modeling for determining cooling histories (time-temperature paths) of samples and evaluating possible drivers for heating and cooling in time, thus, they can used to quantify thermal a variety of interesting processes in the upper crust. I have used these techniques to constrain cooling in the source of sedimentary basins (provenance signatures), heating due to burial and later cooling due to the exhumation of basin deposits and cooling driven by exhumation and erosion in the hanging-wall of structures in thrust belts. I am interested in continuing to use thermochronologic techniques to study fault zones and quantify both long- and short- term heating/colling processes in the upper crust. Photo source: https://www.geo.arizona.edu/~thomson/FTLab.html

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Structural modelling and balancing cross-sections

I use the software MOVE from Midland Valley to construct structural cross-sections and restore deformation to test geometrical solutions and kinematic models that integrate the data available in regions. Other data—such as kinematic indicators, deformation mechanisms, stratigraphy, provenance, subsidence, and cooling ages—can be integrated during the process of building cross-sections. Structural models that integrate these data allow identifation of plausible solutions for the structural architecture in the subsurface and interrogate questions about shortening/extension, thickening/thinning, deformation rates, possible connections between dynamic processes in active regions, etc.

Publications

Henriquez, S; Johnson, C.L.; Ochir, G.; Lambart, S; Lippert, P.C.; Webb, L.E. (2024).
From an accretionary margin to a sediment-rich collision: Spatiotemporal evolution of the magmatism during the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean. Gondwana Research.Link
Henriquez, S; DeCelles, P.G.; Carrapa, B; Hughes, A.N. (2022).
Kinematic evolution of the central Andean retroarc thrust belt in northwestern Argentina and implications for coupling between shortening and crustal thickening. GSA Bulletin 2022;; 135 (1-2): 81–103.Link
Henriquez, S; DeCelles, P.; Carrapa, B; Hughes, A.; Davis, G; Alvarado, P. (2020).
Deformation history of the Puna plateau, Central Andes of northwestern Argentina. Journal of Structural Geology. 140 (2020) 104133. Link
Wang, X; B. Carrapa; J.B. Chapman; S. Henriquez; M. Wang; P.G. DeCelles; Z. Li, F. Wang; I. Oimuhammadzoda; M. Gadoev; F. Chen (2019).
Paratethys last gasp in Central Asia and late Oligocene accelerated uplift of the Pamirs. Geophysic Research Letters, 46 (21) (2019), pp. 11773-11781. Link
Henriquez, S; DeCelles, P. G.; Carrapa, B (2019).
Cretaceous to Middle Cenozoic Exhumation History of the Cordillera de Domeyko and Salar de Atacama Basin, Northern Chile. Tectonics. Link
Profeta, L., Ducea, M.N., Chapman, J.B., Paterson, S.R., Henriquez-Gonzalez, S.M., Kirsch, M., Petrescu, L., and DeCelles, P.G., (2015).
Quantifying crustal thickness over time in magmatic arcs: Scientific Reports, v.5, article # 17786.Link
Henriquez, S.; Becerra, J.; Arriagada C. (2014).
Geología del área San Pedro de Atacama. Sernageomin. Geological Map (1:100,000). Link
Becerra, J.; Henriquez, S.; Arriagada C. (2014).
Geología del área Salar de Atacama. Sernageomin. Geological Map (1:100,000). Link


Conference Proceedings

Henriquez, S.; Johnson, C.L.; Lippert, P.C.; Webb, L.E.; Tully, J.; Ochir, G., (2024).
Final Amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt: Triassic record of the growth of the western Mongol-Okhotsk Belt. Invited Talk. AGU conference.
Henriquez, S.; Lambart, S.; Ochir, G.; Johnson, C.L.; Webb, L.E.; Lippert, P.C., (2024).
Permian to Triassic magmatism in the Mongol-Okhotsk Belt: The magmatic record of a closing accretionary margin. Talk. GSA Connects.
Henriquez, S; Johnson, C. L.; Tully, J.; Lippert, P. C.; Webb, L. E.; Ochir, G., (2023).
The growth of the Mongol-Okhotsk Belt in central Mongolia: Insights from low-temperature thermochronology. Poster Presentation. Thermo 2023 conference.
Henriquez, S.; Lambart, S.; Ochir, G.; Webb, L.E.; Lippert, P.C.; Johnson, C.L. (2021).
Magmatism during the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean: a tale of a sediment-rich collision. Talk. AGU conference.
Henriquez, S; Johnson, C. L.; Webb, L. E. ; Ochir, G.; Perkes, R.; Rea-Downing, G.; Lippert,P. C., (2020).
Using the volcano-magmatic record to constrain geodynamic evolution during the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean in NE Mongolia. Poster presentation. AGU conference.
Henriquez, S; DeCelles, P.G.; Carrapa, B.; Hughes, A. (2019).
The kinematic evolution of the Andean thrust belt at ca. 23 °S, northwestern Argentina. Talk. GSA conference.
Henriquez, S; DeCelles, P.G.; Carrapa, B (2018).
Unraveling the Construction of the Northern Puna Plateau: How and When was it Formed? Poster Presentation. AGU conference.
Henriquez, S; DeCelles, P.G.; Carrapa, B.; Hughes, A. (2018).
Cenozoic deformation in the Puna Plateau between 22 – 24 °S, Central Andes. Talk. Geodaze, Annual University of Arizona Geosciences Symposium.
Henriquez, S; DeCelles, P.G.; Carrapa, B. (2017).
Exhumation of the Cordillera de Domeyko since Late Cretaceous: a record of the early tectono-thermal history of the Central Andes. Talk. Geodaze, Annual University of Arizona Geosciences Symposium.
Henriquez, S.; Arriagada, C.; Martínez, F. (2013).
New evidence of transpressional deformation within the Atacama Basin. Bolletino di Geofisica: teorica ed applicata Vol.54, Supplement 2: p. 68.
Henriquez, S.; Arriagada, C.; Becerra, J.; Martínez, F., Peña, M. (2012).
Crustal Section between the Atacama Basin and the Eastern Cordillera: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the Central Andes. Presentation in XII Chilean Geological Congress. Antofagasta, Chile.